1 Samuel 5:4

Authorized King James Version

And when they arose early on the morrow morning, behold, Dagon was fallen upon his face to the ground before the ark of the LORD; and the head of Dagon and both the palms of his hands were cut off upon the threshold; only the stump of Dagon was left to him.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ
And when they arose early
literally, to load up (on the back of man or beast), i.e., to start early in the morning
#2
בַבֹּקֶר֮
morning
properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
#3
מִֽמָּחֳרָת֒
on the morrow
the morrow or (adverbially) tomorrow
#4
וְהִנֵּ֣ה
lo!
#5
דָּג֖וֹן
behold Dagon
dagon, a philistine deity
#6
נֹפֵ֤ל
was fallen
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
#7
לִפְנֵ֖י
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#8
אַ֔רְצָה
to the ground
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#9
לִפְנֵ֖י
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#10
אֲר֣וֹן
the ark
a box
#11
יְהוָ֑ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#12
וְרֹ֨אשׁ
and the head
the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
#13
דָּג֖וֹן
behold Dagon
dagon, a philistine deity
#14
וּשְׁתֵּ֣י׀
and both
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
#15
כַּפּ֣וֹת
the palms
the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-
#16
יָדָ֗יו
of his hands
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#17
כְּרֻתוֹת֙
were cut off
to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt
#18
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#19
הַמִּפְתָּ֔ן
upon the threshold
a stretcher, i.e., a sill
#20
רַ֥ק
properly, leanness, i.e., (figuratively) limitation; only adverbial, merely, or conjunctional, although
#21
דָּג֖וֹן
behold Dagon
dagon, a philistine deity
#22
נִשְׁאַ֥ר
was left
properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant
#23
עָלָֽיו׃
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

Analysis

Within the broader context of 1 Samuel, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 1 Samuel.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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